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Willis
07-26-2007, 03:36 PM
Under Construction.
-Willis 8/13/08


While at the moment I don't have my book of wisdom, and haven't done this in a while, I'll have to come back to edit this thread o' wisdom. But let's begin anyway.

1.) FADE IN <<<<<This should be at the beginning of every screenplay. In the end, these two words separates who knows what they are doing and who doesn't. As far as I know, these words don't ever appear again throughout the screenplay.

2.) INT. (short for interior- if scene is inside a building. If not, use EXT., short for Exterior.

Now that you have INT. the next acronym is what kind of ext. int. so let's say,

INT.DINING ROOM.

Now, there is one last piece of the puzzle. To differentiate whether it's night or day. Simple enough eh? So your finished product says:

INT.DINING ROOM.DAY

3.) The proper way to have dialouge placed in a screenplay script is such as:

ROB VAN DAM

I am the the reason these people watch the show! They tune in to see me...Rob...Van...Dam.


Now notice that his name is capitalized, and how the name is centered on the paper. The name is capitalized in order to introduce a new character. In other words, once it's introduced the first time, you may just print their first name, or they're intails (sp).

I.E. RVD

Tonight I'll prove once and for all that I deserve to be champion, and why they call me, Mr. Monday Night.

4.) Trust your dialouge. In script writing, there is no description, unless you also plan on being the director of the piece as well. You need to trust the words you wrote, your actors should be able to read just the dialouge and understand how thier character should feel.
____________________________________

Okay, I'm done for now, but I think this little thread might help some people. And yes, I do plan on expanding this, after vacation in the ATL.
____________________________________

Notes from Jon:


Typically slug lines are written as INT. LIVING ROOM - DAY or EXT. BARN - NIGHT or what have you. I've never seen the period used a second time in the line. Remember, the period after INT. or EXT. is because it's an abbreviation.

Also, CUT TO should be used extremely rarely. One, it's assumed that you need to cut between scenes, and two, it generally labels a writer as an amateur, because this sort of thing tends to be the province of the director.

Finally, in script writing, there ABSOLUTELY is description. In fact, the defining characteristic of screenwriting is that the story is told primarily in pictures. But even in stage, there is often a substantial stage direction component, as action is just as valuable a storytelling tool as dialogue.



It's been said that "great writers work in the specific," so the more specific your setting, the more specific your writing can be.

As for screenplays, I would strongly suggest taking a look at http://screenwriting.info, which has a very good introduction to screenwriting format and other good tips. It's offered by the folks who run Writers University, where I teach Introduction to Playwriting.

They have this to say on the subject of CUT TO, which is what's called a transition:

"The only time to use a Transition in a spec script is if it's integral to telling the story. For instance, you might use a TIME CUT: to indicate passage of time. More commonly, a DISSOLVE TO: indicates that time has passed. Or, you might need to use MATCH CUT: if you want to illustrate that there is some correlation between something we just saw and something in the new scene. The point is, unless you become quite skilled in screenwriting don't use these things unless absolutely necessary, because the director of the film will probably think of something different." In fact, they specifically mention that CUT TO will be left out of most spec scripts (in other words, scripts that writers write in the hope that someone will buy them, as opposed to shooting scripts, for work that's in production).

_____________________

If that doesn't make sense, it's because I lazily copied and pasted...sorry.

Willis
07-30-2007, 03:13 AM
A few more things to note:

When dealing with sluglines (i.e. INT.HOUSE.DAY) you should know how to use CUT TO.

EXAMPLE:


EXT.LAKE PLEASENT.DAY

VAN

I'm NOT GOING FISHING.

CUT TO

VAN

I can't believe I'm fishing..

Quick notes of Speech

Speech and voice overs are quite simple. You just place (V.O) next to the persons name.

RON W. (V.O.)
Little did I know back then that Old man Steve would be....

jonplaywright
10-06-2007, 06:58 AM
Hmm...Willis, not quite sure where you learned that...

A few corrections, if I may:

Typically slug lines are written as INT. LIVING ROOM - DAY or EXT. BARN - NIGHT or what have you. I've never seen the period used a second time in the line. Remember, the period after INT. or EXT. is because it's an abbreviation.

Also, CUT TO should be used extremely rarely. One, it's assumed that you need to cut between scenes, and two, it generally labels a writer as an amateur, because this sort of thing tends to be the province of the director.

Finally, in script writing, there ABSOLUTELY is description. In fact, the defining characteristic of screenwriting is that the story is told primarily in pictures. But even in stage, there is often a substantial stage direction component, as action is just as valuable a storytelling tool as dialogue.

Cheers,
Jon

Claudette
10-06-2007, 03:05 PM
Finally, in script writing, there ABSOLUTELY is description. In fact, the defining characteristic of screenwriting is that the story is told primarily in pictures. But even in stage, there is often a substantial stage direction component, as action is just as valuable a storytelling tool as dialogue.

mind, I am not disagreeing, but I am just putting in my 2 cents. I don't write screen plays, I tend to write stage plays. If you have an overwhelming amount of stage direction for everything, you are underestimating and being rude to your actors and director. You have to keep in mind that they are going to understand what you want to happen. Don't lead them like a toddler by the hand through your play, and tell them everything that should be done. Just isn't polite.

Otherwise! I know nothing on this subject.

Willis
10-06-2007, 03:22 PM
Wow, talk about thread nercomancy.

Anyway, you may be right about slug lines...

but I 'agree' with Claudette, unless you are the director, there's no need to have a onsluaght of visual orders...

and CUT TO's are used in comedy's alot.. I don't think it's amatuerist, unless it's a drama..or a....

MONTAGE!

jonplaywright
10-07-2007, 05:32 PM
Claudette, I'm not sure that we're actually in disagreement. What I think you're talking about are line readings and blocking, stage directions in which the playwright tries to direct the actors from the page. These should be kept as minimal as possible. It's important, however, to write any essential action or description.

I do consulting for writers all over the country (primarily playwrights and screenwriters, though occasionally a novelist or magazine writer), and one play I recently read for a client had the problem of too little description. For example, the settings would have no set up at all (e.g. Mike's house), so we didn't even know if the characters were in a living room or a kitchen or a bedroom. It threatened to turn the play into a series of "talking heads." You don't need to write pages and pages of description a la Eugene O'Neill, but you do need enough to establish a clear picture for your reader.

It's been said that "great writers work in the specific," so the more specific your setting, the more specific your writing can be.

As for screenplays, I would strongly suggest taking a look at http://screenwriting.info, which has a very good introduction to screenwriting format and other good tips. It's offered by the folks who run Writers University, where I teach Introduction to Playwriting.

They have this to say on the subject of CUT TO, which is what's called a transition:

"The only time to use a Transition in a spec script is if it's integral to telling the story. For instance, you might use a TIME CUT: to indicate passage of time. More commonly, a DISSOLVE TO: indicates that time has passed. Or, you might need to use MATCH CUT: if you want to illustrate that there is some correlation between something we just saw and something in the new scene. The point is, unless you become quite skilled in screenwriting don't use these things unless absolutely necessary, because the director of the film will probably think of something different." In fact, they specifically mention that CUT TO will be left out of most spec scripts (in other words, scripts that writers write in the hope that someone will buy them, as opposed to shooting scripts, for work that's in production).

Cheers,
Jon
http://jondorf.com

Imelda
10-09-2007, 03:53 PM
Jon, thanks a lot for giving us this info, I really appreciate it! I'm sure Willis would be delighted to edit the guide and give you credit. :) I'd hate to see any young screenwriters mislead by TW.

Willis, quit arguing unless you can provide references. :rolleyes:

jonplaywright
10-09-2007, 03:56 PM
A good reference site for screenwriting format is http://screenwriting.info. There, among other things, you'll find that the use of such transitions (that's the term for them) as CUT TO (or DISSOLVE TO or whatever) are strongly discouraged. As they note, the director will generally have his own idea of what to do. As a writer, you should just tell the story and not worry about camera angles.

Claudette, I'm not sure we're actually in disagreement. What I think you're talking about are things like line readings (e.g. "sarcastically") or blocking, where the playwright/screenwriter is basically trying to direct the script from the page. I agree, that sort of thing should be minimal and only where absolutely necessary.

However, action and description are necessary and are an essential part of telling the story, particularly in screenwriting, where you will often see long chunks of description without dialogue. Screenwriting in particular is a visual medium, and as the writer, that should be your primary storytelling tool.

By the way, since I'm new here, I should introduce myself briefly. I'm not a teenager, though I once was, and I enjoy helping young writers. I found this forum when someone recommended my book/website, Young Playwrights 101. I am resident playwriting expert for Final Draft (the scriptwriting software) and The Writers Store, co-chair the Alliance of Los Angeles Playwrights, teach playwriting across the country and am a working playwright (I do some writing for screen as well).

Cheers,
Jon

p.s. The post about the ten things young writers should know was fantastic--and spot on.

jonplaywright
10-09-2007, 03:58 PM
Oops--thought my original post got moderated out for some reason, so I had posted a shortened version and not included my website link.

Jon

Imelda
10-09-2007, 07:25 PM
Yeah it did get moderated. Geraldine (our spam filter) goes a little insane occasionally ... I had thought she was turned off ...

But I approved your post and it's all good. :)

Saint Fawkes
10-09-2007, 09:15 PM
I resent the implication that there's only one right way to format a script.

Imelda
10-09-2007, 09:26 PM
...

There's only one right way to format a novel manuscript. I can't see it being any different for screenplays. There's a reason why stuff is standard: to make it easier for the top dudes to read things. It's vaguely annoying for newbies, but don't follow it and you won't get listened to, that's the brutal truth. I'd rather learn correct formatting straight off than whine about how unfair it is that everyone has to do things the same.

Saint Fawkes
10-09-2007, 09:37 PM
There's not only one way to format a novel manuscript. Read a Tom Clancy novel, and then read a Stephen King novel, and then read a Chuck Palahniuk (sp?) novel.

jonplaywright
10-09-2007, 10:47 PM
There are variations on screenplay formatting, to be sure, but by and large, it's fairly uniform. Screenwriting.info refers to it as a "range of correctness."

Margins, for example, fall within a relatively uniform window. Screenplays are ALWAYS written in Courier 12 pt font. Why? They need to know how long your script is.

With the advent of formatting programs like Final Draft, formats have become more and more standard. Want to do something different? Go ahead, but you ignore industry standards at your own peril.

Remember that script readers at production companies, theatres and lit agencies are inundated with scripts and have very few openings. They are looking for reasons to say no, not yes, and to get on to the next script burning a hole in the desk. By not formatting your script within the acceptable range, you've just made your work that much easier for the overworked reader to dismiss.

The place to be creative is in your form, not your format.

Cheers,
Jon

Imelda
10-10-2007, 07:39 AM
Jon says it right.

And I wasn't talking about how to format a book. I was talking about how to format a manuscript. Clear font, size 12, double spaced, 3cm margins all around yadda yadda yadda. You don't follow those guidelines, and it a) makes you look ignorant, b) points out your noobishness, and c) gives them a good reason to chuck it aside--because why should they bother reading something when the author can't be bothered to follow simple guidelines? They have plenty of stuff from people who have followed them, and are likely to be far more savvy industry-wise.

I know I wouldn't take the risk. :p

Willis
10-11-2007, 04:48 PM
Jon, thanks a lot for giving us this info, I really appreciate it! I'm sure Willis would be delighted to edit the guide and give you credit. :) I'd hate to see any young screenwriters mislead by TW.

Willis, quit arguing unless you can provide references. :rolleyes:

I didn't know I was arguing...

I see what your saying Jon..I thought that you meant like, 'Mike is wearing a red shirt' needs to be added, but you meant like Living room and such.

I agree..I'll add your stuff in then.

Blair
03-21-2008, 02:27 PM
When I first started writing screenplays I found the BBC website a big help. It is http://www.bbc.co.uk/writersroom/writing/tips.shtml

Somewhere on the website there is a PDF file with detailed instructions on how to format a screenplay.

Hope that helps!

Willis
08-12-2008, 12:10 AM
* I will soon edit this as it's a pretty poor quality guide. *

Lizzie
08-13-2008, 11:45 AM
Well done Willlis. That was a huge breath to take. I haven't seen any of your script work. Do you have any? *Checking now* Ah yes, I think I see one.

Willis
08-13-2008, 05:41 PM
It's garbage though, along with this guide,
I've got some fixing up to do. I've just got to find time.

Dunnskee
08-13-2008, 08:12 PM
Frozen Electric...

And Willis, you say you're going to fix this? You should look at Pygmalion.

I'm noticing your means of structuring things are more along the lines of personal style.